Follow-up of Blood-Pressure Lowering and Glucose Control in Type 2 Diabetes
Identifieur interne : 004155 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 004154; suivant : 004156Follow-up of Blood-Pressure Lowering and Glucose Control in Type 2 Diabetes
Auteurs : S. Zoungas [Australie] ; J. Chalmers [Australie] ; B. Neal [Australie] ; L. Billot [Australie] ; Q. Li [Australie] ; Y. Hirakawa [Australie] ; H. Arima [Australie] ; H. Monaghan [Australie] ; R. Joshi [Australie] ; S. Colagiuri [Australie] ; M. E. Cooper [Australie] ; P. Glasziou [Australie] ; D. Grobbee [Pays-Bas] ; P. Hamet [Canada] ; S. Harrap [Australie] ; S. Heller [Royaume-Uni] ; L. Lisheng [République populaire de Chine] ; G. Mancia [Italie] ; M. Marre [France] ; D. R. Matthews [Royaume-Uni] ; C. E. Mogensen [Danemark] ; V. Perkovic [Australie] ; N. Poulter [Royaume-Uni] ; A. Rodgers [Australie] ; B. Williams [Royaume-Uni] ; S. Macmahon [Australie, Royaume-Uni] ; A. Patel [Australie] ; M. Woodward [Australie, Royaume-Uni, États-Unis]Source :
- The New England journal of medicine [ 0028-4793 ] ; 2014.
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English descriptors
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Abstract
BACKGROUND In the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron Modified Release Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE) factorial trial, the combination of perindopril and indapamide reduced mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes, but intensive glucose control, targeting a glycated hemoglobin level of less than 6.5%, did not. We now report results of the 6-year post-trial follow-up. METHODS We invited surviving participants, who had previously been assigned to perindopril-indapamide or placebo and to intensive or standard glucose control (with the glucose-control comparison extending for an additional 6 months), to participate in a post-trial follow-up evaluation. The primary end points were death from any cause and major macrovascular events. RESULTS The baseline characteristics were similar among the 11,140 patients who originally underwent randomization and the 8494 patients who participated in the post-trial follow-up for a median of 5.9 years (blood-pressure-lowering comparison) or 5.4 years (glucose-control comparison). Between-group differences in blood pressure and glycated hemoglobin levels during the trial were no longer evident by the first post-trial visit. The reductions in the risk of death from any cause and of death from cardiovascular causes that had been observed in the group receiving active blood-pressure-lowering treatment during the trial were attenuated but significant at the end of the post-trial follow-up; the hazard ratios were 0.91 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.84 to 0.99; P=0.03) and 0.88 (95% CI, 0.77 to 0.99; P=0.04), respectively. No differences were observed during follow-up in the risk of death from any cause or major macrovascular events between the intensive-glucose-control group and the standard-glucose-control group; the hazard ratios were 1.00 (95% CI, 0.92 to 1.08) and 1.00 (95% CI, 0.92 to 1.08), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The benefits with respect to mortality that had been observed among patients originally assigned to blood-pressure-lowering therapy were attenuated but still evident at the end of follow-up. There was no evidence that intensive glucose control during the trial led to long-term benefits with respect to mortality or macrovascular events.
Affiliations:
- Australie, Canada, Danemark, France, Italie, Pays-Bas, Royaume-Uni, République populaire de Chine, États-Unis
- Angleterre, Grand Londres, Lombardie, Maryland, Nouvelle-Galles du Sud, Oxfordshire, Québec, Utrecht (province), Île-de-France
- Baltimore, Londres, Milan, Montréal, Oxford, Paris, Pékin, Sydney, Utrecht
- University College de Londres, Université d'Oxford, Université de Sydney
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Zoungas</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University</s1><s2>Melbourne, VIC</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Melbourne, VIC</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chalmers, J" sort="Chalmers, J" uniqKey="Chalmers J" first="J." last="Chalmers">J. 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Monaghan</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Joshi, R" sort="Joshi, R" uniqKey="Joshi R" first="R." last="Joshi">R. Joshi</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Colagiuri, S" sort="Colagiuri, S" uniqKey="Colagiuri S" first="S." last="Colagiuri">S. Colagiuri</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Boden Institute, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>10 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cooper, M E" sort="Cooper, M E" uniqKey="Cooper M" first="M. E." last="Cooper">M. E. Cooper</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute</s1><s2>Melbourne, VIC</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>11 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Glasziou, P" sort="Glasziou, P" uniqKey="Glasziou P" first="P." last="Glasziou">P. Glasziou</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Bond University</s1><s2>Robina, QLD</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>12 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Bond University</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grobbee, D" sort="Grobbee, D" uniqKey="Grobbee D" first="D." last="Grobbee">D. Grobbee</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, and Julius Clinical Research</s1><s2>Utrecht</s2><s3>NLD</s3><sZ>13 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Pays-Bas</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Utrecht</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Utrecht (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hamet, P" sort="Hamet, P" uniqKey="Hamet P" first="P." last="Hamet">P. Hamet</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="08"><s1>Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal</s1><s2>Montreal</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>14 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Montréal</settlement><region type="state">Québec</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harrap, S" sort="Harrap, S" uniqKey="Harrap S" first="S." last="Harrap">S. Harrap</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital</s1><s2>Melbourne, VIC</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>15 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heller, S" sort="Heller, S" uniqKey="Heller S" first="S." last="Heller">S. Heller</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="09"><s1>University of Sheffield and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust</s1><s2>Sheffield</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>16 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:noRegion>University of Sheffield and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lisheng, L" sort="Lisheng, L" uniqKey="Lisheng L" first="L." last="Lisheng">L. Lisheng</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="14"><s1>Chinese Hypertension League Institute</s1><s2>Beijing</s2><s3>CHN</s3><sZ>17 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>République populaire de Chine</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mancia, G" sort="Mancia, G" uniqKey="Mancia G" first="G." last="Mancia">G. Mancia</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="15"><s1>University of Milan-Bicocca and Istituto Auxologico Italiano</s1><s2>Milan</s2><s3>ITA</s3><sZ>18 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Italie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marre, M" sort="Marre, M" uniqKey="Marre M" first="M." last="Marre">M. Marre</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="16"><s1>Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard and Université Paris 7</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>19 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Matthews, D R" sort="Matthews, D R" uniqKey="Matthews D" first="D. R." last="Matthews">D. R. Matthews</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="10"><s1>Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford</s1><s2>Oxford</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>20 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mogensen, C E" sort="Mogensen, C E" uniqKey="Mogensen C" first="C. E." last="Mogensen">C. E. Mogensen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="17"><s1>Medical Department M, Aarhus Sygehus</s1><s2>Aarhus</s2><s3>DNK</s3><sZ>21 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Danemark</country><wicri:noRegion>Aarhus</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perkovic, V" sort="Perkovic, V" uniqKey="Perkovic V" first="V." last="Perkovic">V. Perkovic</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Poulter, N" sort="Poulter, N" uniqKey="Poulter N" first="N." last="Poulter">N. Poulter</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="12"><s1>International Centre for Circulatory Health, Imperial College</s1><s2>London</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>23 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rodgers, A" sort="Rodgers, A" uniqKey="Rodgers A" first="A." last="Rodgers">A. Rodgers</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Williams, B" sort="Williams, B" uniqKey="Williams B" first="B." last="Williams">B. Williams</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="13"><s1>University College London (UCL) and the National Institute for Health Research UCL Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre</s1><s2>London</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>25 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">University College de Londres</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Macmahon, S" sort="Macmahon, S" uniqKey="Macmahon S" first="S." last="Macmahon">S. Macmahon</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="11"><s1>George Institute for Global Health, University of Oxford</s1><s2>Oxford</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Patel, A" sort="Patel, A" uniqKey="Patel A" first="A." last="Patel">A. Patel</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Woodward, M" sort="Woodward, M" uniqKey="Woodward M" first="M." last="Woodward">M. Woodward</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="11"><s1>George Institute for Global Health, University of Oxford</s1><s2>Oxford</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="18"><s1>Department of Epidemiology, John Hopkins University</s1><s2>Baltimore</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Baltimore</settlement><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">INIST</idno><idno type="inist">15-0021800</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="stanalyst">PASCAL 15-0021800 INIST</idno><idno type="RBID">Pascal:15-0021800</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Corpus">000094</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Curation">005D59</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Checkpoint">000298</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PascalFrancis" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000298</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">0028-4793:2014:Zoungas S:follow:up:of</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">004222</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">004155</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">004155</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a">Follow-up of Blood-Pressure Lowering and Glucose Control in Type 2 Diabetes</title><author><name sortKey="Zoungas, S" sort="Zoungas, S" uniqKey="Zoungas S" first="S." last="Zoungas">S. Zoungas</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University</s1><s2>Melbourne, VIC</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Melbourne, VIC</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chalmers, J" sort="Chalmers, J" uniqKey="Chalmers J" first="J." last="Chalmers">J. Chalmers</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Neal, B" sort="Neal, B" uniqKey="Neal B" first="B." last="Neal">B. Neal</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Billot, L" sort="Billot, L" uniqKey="Billot L" first="L." last="Billot">L. Billot</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Q" sort="Li, Q" uniqKey="Li Q" first="Q." last="Li">Q. Li</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hirakawa, Y" sort="Hirakawa, Y" uniqKey="Hirakawa Y" first="Y." last="Hirakawa">Y. Hirakawa</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Arima, H" sort="Arima, H" uniqKey="Arima H" first="H." last="Arima">H. Arima</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Monaghan, H" sort="Monaghan, H" uniqKey="Monaghan H" first="H." last="Monaghan">H. Monaghan</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Joshi, R" sort="Joshi, R" uniqKey="Joshi R" first="R." last="Joshi">R. Joshi</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Colagiuri, S" sort="Colagiuri, S" uniqKey="Colagiuri S" first="S." last="Colagiuri">S. Colagiuri</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Boden Institute, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>10 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cooper, M E" sort="Cooper, M E" uniqKey="Cooper M" first="M. E." last="Cooper">M. E. Cooper</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute</s1><s2>Melbourne, VIC</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>11 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Glasziou, P" sort="Glasziou, P" uniqKey="Glasziou P" first="P." last="Glasziou">P. Glasziou</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Bond University</s1><s2>Robina, QLD</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>12 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Bond University</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grobbee, D" sort="Grobbee, D" uniqKey="Grobbee D" first="D." last="Grobbee">D. Grobbee</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, and Julius Clinical Research</s1><s2>Utrecht</s2><s3>NLD</s3><sZ>13 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Pays-Bas</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Utrecht</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Utrecht (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hamet, P" sort="Hamet, P" uniqKey="Hamet P" first="P." last="Hamet">P. Hamet</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="08"><s1>Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal</s1><s2>Montreal</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>14 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Montréal</settlement><region type="state">Québec</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harrap, S" sort="Harrap, S" uniqKey="Harrap S" first="S." last="Harrap">S. Harrap</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital</s1><s2>Melbourne, VIC</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>15 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heller, S" sort="Heller, S" uniqKey="Heller S" first="S." last="Heller">S. Heller</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="09"><s1>University of Sheffield and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust</s1><s2>Sheffield</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>16 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:noRegion>University of Sheffield and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lisheng, L" sort="Lisheng, L" uniqKey="Lisheng L" first="L." last="Lisheng">L. Lisheng</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="14"><s1>Chinese Hypertension League Institute</s1><s2>Beijing</s2><s3>CHN</s3><sZ>17 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>République populaire de Chine</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mancia, G" sort="Mancia, G" uniqKey="Mancia G" first="G." last="Mancia">G. Mancia</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="15"><s1>University of Milan-Bicocca and Istituto Auxologico Italiano</s1><s2>Milan</s2><s3>ITA</s3><sZ>18 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Italie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marre, M" sort="Marre, M" uniqKey="Marre M" first="M." last="Marre">M. Marre</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="16"><s1>Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard and Université Paris 7</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>19 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Matthews, D R" sort="Matthews, D R" uniqKey="Matthews D" first="D. R." last="Matthews">D. R. Matthews</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="10"><s1>Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford</s1><s2>Oxford</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>20 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mogensen, C E" sort="Mogensen, C E" uniqKey="Mogensen C" first="C. E." last="Mogensen">C. E. Mogensen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="17"><s1>Medical Department M, Aarhus Sygehus</s1><s2>Aarhus</s2><s3>DNK</s3><sZ>21 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Danemark</country><wicri:noRegion>Aarhus</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perkovic, V" sort="Perkovic, V" uniqKey="Perkovic V" first="V." last="Perkovic">V. Perkovic</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Poulter, N" sort="Poulter, N" uniqKey="Poulter N" first="N." last="Poulter">N. Poulter</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="12"><s1>International Centre for Circulatory Health, Imperial College</s1><s2>London</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>23 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rodgers, A" sort="Rodgers, A" uniqKey="Rodgers A" first="A." last="Rodgers">A. Rodgers</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Williams, B" sort="Williams, B" uniqKey="Williams B" first="B." last="Williams">B. Williams</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="13"><s1>University College London (UCL) and the National Institute for Health Research UCL Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre</s1><s2>London</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>25 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">University College de Londres</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Macmahon, S" sort="Macmahon, S" uniqKey="Macmahon S" first="S." last="Macmahon">S. Macmahon</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="11"><s1>George Institute for Global Health, University of Oxford</s1><s2>Oxford</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Patel, A" sort="Patel, A" uniqKey="Patel A" first="A." last="Patel">A. Patel</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Woodward, M" sort="Woodward, M" uniqKey="Woodward M" first="M." last="Woodward">M. Woodward</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="11"><s1>George Institute for Global Health, University of Oxford</s1><s2>Oxford</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="18"><s1>Department of Epidemiology, John Hopkins University</s1><s2>Baltimore</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Baltimore</settlement><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">The New England journal of medicine</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">N. Engl. j. med.</title><idno type="ISSN">0028-4793</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">The New England journal of medicine</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">N. Engl. j. med.</title><idno type="ISSN">0028-4793</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Arterial pressure</term><term>Blood pressure</term><term>Check</term><term>Glucose</term><term>Medicine</term><term>Type 2 diabetes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Diabète de type 2</term><term>Pression sanguine</term><term>Pression artérielle</term><term>Glucose</term><term>Contrôle</term><term>Médecine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Glucose</term><term>Médecine</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">BACKGROUND In the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron Modified Release Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE) factorial trial, the combination of perindopril and indapamide reduced mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes, but intensive glucose control, targeting a glycated hemoglobin level of less than 6.5%, did not. We now report results of the 6-year post-trial follow-up. METHODS We invited surviving participants, who had previously been assigned to perindopril-indapamide or placebo and to intensive or standard glucose control (with the glucose-control comparison extending for an additional 6 months), to participate in a post-trial follow-up evaluation. The primary end points were death from any cause and major macrovascular events. RESULTS The baseline characteristics were similar among the 11,140 patients who originally underwent randomization and the 8494 patients who participated in the post-trial follow-up for a median of 5.9 years (blood-pressure-lowering comparison) or 5.4 years (glucose-control comparison). Between-group differences in blood pressure and glycated hemoglobin levels during the trial were no longer evident by the first post-trial visit. The reductions in the risk of death from any cause and of death from cardiovascular causes that had been observed in the group receiving active blood-pressure-lowering treatment during the trial were attenuated but significant at the end of the post-trial follow-up; the hazard ratios were 0.91 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.84 to 0.99; P=0.03) and 0.88 (95% CI, 0.77 to 0.99; P=0.04), respectively. No differences were observed during follow-up in the risk of death from any cause or major macrovascular events between the intensive-glucose-control group and the standard-glucose-control group; the hazard ratios were 1.00 (95% CI, 0.92 to 1.08) and 1.00 (95% CI, 0.92 to 1.08), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The benefits with respect to mortality that had been observed among patients originally assigned to blood-pressure-lowering therapy were attenuated but still evident at the end of follow-up. There was no evidence that intensive glucose control during the trial led to long-term benefits with respect to mortality or macrovascular events.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li><li>Canada</li><li>Danemark</li><li>France</li><li>Italie</li><li>Pays-Bas</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>République populaire de Chine</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Angleterre</li><li>Grand Londres</li><li>Lombardie</li><li>Maryland</li><li>Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</li><li>Oxfordshire</li><li>Québec</li><li>Utrecht (province)</li><li>Île-de-France</li></region><settlement><li>Baltimore</li><li>Londres</li><li>Milan</li><li>Montréal</li><li>Oxford</li><li>Paris</li><li>Pékin</li><li>Sydney</li><li>Utrecht</li></settlement><orgName><li>University College de Londres</li><li>Université d'Oxford</li><li>Université de Sydney</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Australie"><region name="Nouvelle-Galles du Sud"><name sortKey="Zoungas, S" sort="Zoungas, S" uniqKey="Zoungas S" first="S." last="Zoungas">S. Zoungas</name></region><name sortKey="Arima, H" sort="Arima, H" uniqKey="Arima H" first="H." last="Arima">H. Arima</name><name sortKey="Billot, L" sort="Billot, L" uniqKey="Billot L" first="L." last="Billot">L. Billot</name><name sortKey="Chalmers, J" sort="Chalmers, J" uniqKey="Chalmers J" first="J." last="Chalmers">J. Chalmers</name><name sortKey="Colagiuri, S" sort="Colagiuri, S" uniqKey="Colagiuri S" first="S." last="Colagiuri">S. Colagiuri</name><name sortKey="Cooper, M E" sort="Cooper, M E" uniqKey="Cooper M" first="M. E." last="Cooper">M. E. Cooper</name><name sortKey="Glasziou, P" sort="Glasziou, P" uniqKey="Glasziou P" first="P." last="Glasziou">P. Glasziou</name><name sortKey="Harrap, S" sort="Harrap, S" uniqKey="Harrap S" first="S." last="Harrap">S. Harrap</name><name sortKey="Hirakawa, Y" sort="Hirakawa, Y" uniqKey="Hirakawa Y" first="Y." last="Hirakawa">Y. Hirakawa</name><name sortKey="Joshi, R" sort="Joshi, R" uniqKey="Joshi R" first="R." last="Joshi">R. Joshi</name><name sortKey="Li, Q" sort="Li, Q" uniqKey="Li Q" first="Q." last="Li">Q. Li</name><name sortKey="Macmahon, S" sort="Macmahon, S" uniqKey="Macmahon S" first="S." last="Macmahon">S. Macmahon</name><name sortKey="Monaghan, H" sort="Monaghan, H" uniqKey="Monaghan H" first="H." last="Monaghan">H. Monaghan</name><name sortKey="Neal, B" sort="Neal, B" uniqKey="Neal B" first="B." last="Neal">B. Neal</name><name sortKey="Patel, A" sort="Patel, A" uniqKey="Patel A" first="A." last="Patel">A. Patel</name><name sortKey="Perkovic, V" sort="Perkovic, V" uniqKey="Perkovic V" first="V." last="Perkovic">V. Perkovic</name><name sortKey="Rodgers, A" sort="Rodgers, A" uniqKey="Rodgers A" first="A." last="Rodgers">A. Rodgers</name><name sortKey="Woodward, M" sort="Woodward, M" uniqKey="Woodward M" first="M." last="Woodward">M. Woodward</name><name sortKey="Zoungas, S" sort="Zoungas, S" uniqKey="Zoungas S" first="S." last="Zoungas">S. Zoungas</name></country><country name="Pays-Bas"><region name="Utrecht (province)"><name sortKey="Grobbee, D" sort="Grobbee, D" uniqKey="Grobbee D" first="D." last="Grobbee">D. Grobbee</name></region></country><country name="Canada"><region name="Québec"><name sortKey="Hamet, P" sort="Hamet, P" uniqKey="Hamet P" first="P." last="Hamet">P. Hamet</name></region></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Heller, S" sort="Heller, S" uniqKey="Heller S" first="S." last="Heller">S. Heller</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Macmahon, S" sort="Macmahon, S" uniqKey="Macmahon S" first="S." last="Macmahon">S. Macmahon</name><name sortKey="Matthews, D R" sort="Matthews, D R" uniqKey="Matthews D" first="D. R." last="Matthews">D. R. Matthews</name><name sortKey="Poulter, N" sort="Poulter, N" uniqKey="Poulter N" first="N." last="Poulter">N. Poulter</name><name sortKey="Williams, B" sort="Williams, B" uniqKey="Williams B" first="B." last="Williams">B. Williams</name><name sortKey="Woodward, M" sort="Woodward, M" uniqKey="Woodward M" first="M." last="Woodward">M. Woodward</name></country><country name="République populaire de Chine"><noRegion><name sortKey="Lisheng, L" sort="Lisheng, L" uniqKey="Lisheng L" first="L." last="Lisheng">L. Lisheng</name></noRegion></country><country name="Italie"><region name="Lombardie"><name sortKey="Mancia, G" sort="Mancia, G" uniqKey="Mancia G" first="G." last="Mancia">G. Mancia</name></region></country><country name="France"><region name="Île-de-France"><name sortKey="Marre, M" sort="Marre, M" uniqKey="Marre M" first="M." last="Marre">M. Marre</name></region></country><country name="Danemark"><noRegion><name sortKey="Mogensen, C E" sort="Mogensen, C E" uniqKey="Mogensen C" first="C. E." last="Mogensen">C. E. Mogensen</name></noRegion></country><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Maryland"><name sortKey="Woodward, M" sort="Woodward, M" uniqKey="Woodward M" first="M." last="Woodward">M. 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